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Albi Cathedral
Albi Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Cecilia (French: ''Basilique Cathédrale Sainte-Cécile d'Albi''), is the most important Catholic building in Albi, France, and the seat of the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Albi (in full, Albi-Castres-Lavaur). First built as a fortress in the aftermath of the Albigensian Crusade; begun in 1287 and under construction for 200 years, it is claimed to be the largest brick building in the world.〔(Holly Haynes, "Albi Cathedral" ), Sacred Destinations〕
In 2010 the cathedral was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
==History==
The present cathedral was preceded by other buildings. The first dated from the fourth century and in 666 was destroyed by fire. The second is recorded in 920 by the name of Saint Cecilia, the present-day patroness of musicians. It was replaced in the thirteenth century by a Romanesque cathedral in stone.〔The municipal park in Rochegude has some remains of its cloister arcade.〕
The Brick Gothic cathedral was constructed in brick between 1287 to 1480 in the wake of the Cathar Church, a Christian non-trinitarian dualist movement with an episcopal see at Albi around 1165 CE. Pope Innocent III initiated a brutal crusade ("Cathar Crusade", 1209–1229) to extinguish Catharism in southern France, with great loss of life to area residents.〔(Weber, Nicholas. "Albigenses." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. 14 Oct. 2013 )〕 In the aftermath of the bloodshed, the cathedral's dominant presence and fortress-like exterior were intended to convey the power and authority of the trinitarian Roman Catholic Church. The instigator of the cathedral's construction was Bernard de Castanet, Roman Catholic Bishop of Albi and Inquisitor of Languedoc. Work on the nave was completed about 1330.
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